In vitro fertilisation (IVF) and fertilisation has been a topic widely discussed and debated for many years. Whether you agree with the practise or not may heavily depend on your ethical standpoint on the matter. With more than 3.5 million embryos created since 1991 and over 1.7 million thrown away, the industry finds itself tangled between whether or not it is ethically or legally viable to continue with the process.
What is human fertilisation?
Human fertilisation begins with the creation of embryos. These can either be produced naturally or created from the female egg and male sperm during the IVF process. Fertilisation occurs within the ampulla of the fallopian tube of the mother, however with IVF, this process is complete outside the womb.
What are the types of human fertilisation?
There are two ways in which fertilisation can take place. The first is external fertilisation, and the second, internal fertilisation. The external method is usually used if parents are unable to conceive naturally for any reason and is known as IVF. Often called into question, IVF has been seen as a controversial method by many, especially as figures released by Health Minister Lord Howe show that 93 per cent of all embryos created – more than 3.3 million in total – are never used to generate a pregnancy.
Out of the embryos created, 839,325 were put into storage for future use and 2,071 were donated to others. A further 5,876 were set aside for scientific research.
Why is it a critical industry?
From research purposes to opening the gateway to a deeper understanding of human reproduction, external human fertilisation has benefitted the industry twofold. In 2018 the first test tube baby turned 40 and between their birth and now, this type of research has put the UK at the forefront of embryology.
Since it’s conception the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority has had to adjudicate and license all work on human embryos, regardless of whether they are used for IVF or for scientific study.
The industry has also paved the way for stem cell research, and because of their versatility, human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) can be used to grow tissues for regenerative medicine. This research has subsequently been used to help treat conditions such as heart disease, Parkinson’s and much more.
What are the main challenges that face human fertilisation?
Despite the good work that comes from the industry, it has for years, come up against many challenges from both an ethical and legal standpoint. From the number of wasted embryos that are simply discarded by research companies, to consistent questions surrounding whether or not we are playing God, human fertilisation practises will always face backlash of some kind.
It’s important if you are in the industry, investing in the technology or are an entrepreneur interested in life sciences, that you enlist the advice from appropriate firms such as Withers who can help you navigate the legalities of operating in this sector.
What are the main challenges that face human fertilisation?
Despite the good work that comes from the industry, it has for years, come up against many challenges from both an ethical and legal standpoint. From the number of wasted embryos tha
